{"id":486,"date":"2026-05-12T19:53:34","date_gmt":"2026-05-12T09:53:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/?p=486"},"modified":"2026-05-12T20:02:55","modified_gmt":"2026-05-12T10:02:55","slug":"year-10-science-continental-drift-plate-tectonics-i","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/2026\/05\/12\/year-10-science-continental-drift-plate-tectonics-i\/","title":{"rendered":"Year 10 Science Revision Notes \u2014 Continental Drift &amp; Plate Tectonics I"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_83 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"cursor:pointer\">Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/2026\/05\/12\/year-10-science-continental-drift-plate-tectonics-i\/#What-is-Pangaea\" >What is Pangaea?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/2026\/05\/12\/year-10-science-continental-drift-plate-tectonics-i\/#Alfred-Wegener\" >Alfred Wegener<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/2026\/05\/12\/year-10-science-continental-drift-plate-tectonics-i\/#1-Matching-Coastlines\" >1. Matching Coastlines<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/2026\/05\/12\/year-10-science-continental-drift-plate-tectonics-i\/#2-Fossil-Evidence\" >2. Fossil Evidence<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/2026\/05\/12\/year-10-science-continental-drift-plate-tectonics-i\/#3-Rock-and-Mountain-Evidence\" >3. Rock and Mountain Evidence<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/2026\/05\/12\/year-10-science-continental-drift-plate-tectonics-i\/#4-Climate-Evidence\" >4. Climate Evidence<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/2026\/05\/12\/year-10-science-continental-drift-plate-tectonics-i\/#Modern-Explanation\" >Modern Explanation<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/2026\/05\/12\/year-10-science-continental-drift-plate-tectonics-i\/#Layers-of-Earth\" >Layers of Earth<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/2026\/05\/12\/year-10-science-continental-drift-plate-tectonics-i\/#Crust\" >Crust<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/2026\/05\/12\/year-10-science-continental-drift-plate-tectonics-i\/#Mantle\" >Mantle<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/2026\/05\/12\/year-10-science-continental-drift-plate-tectonics-i\/#Core\" >Core<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/2026\/05\/12\/year-10-science-continental-drift-plate-tectonics-i\/#Mantle-Convection\" >Mantle Convection<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/2026\/05\/12\/year-10-science-continental-drift-plate-tectonics-i\/#Divergent-Boundary\" >Divergent Boundary<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/2026\/05\/12\/year-10-science-continental-drift-plate-tectonics-i\/#Convergent-Boundary\" >Convergent Boundary<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/2026\/05\/12\/year-10-science-continental-drift-plate-tectonics-i\/#Transform-Boundary\" >Transform Boundary<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/2026\/05\/12\/year-10-science-continental-drift-plate-tectonics-i\/#Remember\" >Remember:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What-is-Pangaea\"><\/span>What is Pangaea?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pangaea was a supercontinent that existed about 300 million years ago.<br>All Earth\u2019s continents were joined together before slowly drifting apart.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Continental Drift Theory<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Alfred-Wegener\"><\/span>Alfred Wegener<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In 1912, Wegener proposed that:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>continents were once connected<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>they slowly moved over time<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Earth\u2019s surface changes over millions of years<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This idea became known as <strong>continental drift<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evidence for Continental Drift<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1-Matching-Coastlines\"><\/span>1. Matching Coastlines<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>South America and Africa appear to fit together like puzzle pieces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/2p-oBXsPNFugpRtWiAeqiaaK4o0aockxXzHnIFZjd7-X2pky6xR-X_AdsrarLrcwt4fnZlPKzkRFmKlb7bGflYJVu4QzyeRfHohG03P8MWhcQYAzPO3AFHRYIv7cY24zIBN_R-0wCr3wkZn_urUNN6vOMyCIoOLAksY4LjOrZxErzRl_qUOoevrlGV-BEfIX?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/6oqIlPueAAI_49E3iY0BW1PbOmiCUHGHztTdLmzjdXEkz9f8mhyXT2dBeXp_qEJ2XiCtdPecraRuE--jU3lFz4pLVtpxHWurgIZEnW-bQg7U2XpSlQqI27f4EfKIV_22ro-xYS-V2rxJUNGzv0-IPqTl7RrKKcYeADWDe_SlONONEEl9o0IKQw9NOP638px5?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/7TFM7ibZRgqo1a3KpFcTIXcX1juMVkVvS5CztK3NoE36ng3mLiEo-vN1m_fWHWR2CF4WfBcEmc5yaevsp4tVGs4Yt-9zXWEq3FGKGC0hyOdceabajlv0xig6tcm7PvJITVz5fn9Bt7nNI7AfvFQd3QYF8Z4y-6cE0FdhYWie7T9GOghFFJlwmTijPs7yWJFc?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/a64U3WpkIjA-coGXHLQ24J8jDnYrt_iDI9KYkNuaEv_8X6TAZSC1Bs4jDu2_rlCEl-rTpnEp_xuzGYRmsZUKON8oR6C9dg2BWmA6bxGxDPieRfGaLG74PuZxaxWm9Q5bKZ9q1-Wv8PGlFET_qdYy8rxVzkamt-ONarTRHiZ3imTvdvdtfg-VAXkEdBNWM-TY?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/OuTda1IOcZBApcFl4QYzCe4gO7hKXEb8Ih0MabrbeIbsh1YxQPxTUmzYOowYO-9Eer4smyWNGiteqalSxNSQFY-e6TDyJsQncQjexFtWEhUm8cSGrGJEtBiyx2twfX-7-uIZlVK3pHvsq0DVKkbgVb6UP8JF8CnmKbVXuphYNFKcGmdKPJMD11_kMIWhe7cD?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/pswgRrdabQDwT5auQykA5jJ4GqXfjwSeLWKz2O8z8A2KIwK7hu86iPiuq1WsUe2iNFVkiorUf0RKPqUK5l2aVwzNTAeYUUyT1_SSw1M6YvxVe5ztvnUcSnlSiM2zsQ3GRJnD0gxn8qtxPQIVhDubmCPaNV-GYQ9rzcb5SH-ML4tP3k57dV4rvnqQ8SLjioIX?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2-Fossil-Evidence\"><\/span>2. Fossil Evidence<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The same fossils were found on continents now far apart.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Examples:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mesosaurus fossil found in Africa and South America<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Glossopteris plant fossils found across southern continents<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This suggests the continents were once joined.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3-Rock-and-Mountain-Evidence\"><\/span>3. Rock and Mountain Evidence<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Similar rocks and mountain ranges are found on different continents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Appalachian Mountains (USA)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Caledonian Mountains (Scotland)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>These likely formed together before continents separated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4-Climate-Evidence\"><\/span>4. Climate Evidence<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Evidence of glaciers was found in places that are now warm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This suggests continents were once located in different climates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why Wegener\u2019s Theory Was Rejected<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Scientists originally rejected Wegener\u2019s theory because:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>he could not explain HOW continents moved<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>there was no known force strong enough<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Later discoveries provided the explanation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Plate Tectonics Theory<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Modern-Explanation\"><\/span>Modern Explanation<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Earth\u2019s outer layer is broken into large pieces called <strong>tectonic plates<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These plates move slowly over the semi-molten mantle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Layers-of-Earth\"><\/span>Layers of Earth<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Crust\"><\/span>Crust<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Thin outer layer<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mantle\"><\/span>Mantle<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Hot semi-solid rock beneath crust<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Core\"><\/span>Core<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Very hot centre made mostly of iron and nickel<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/DtaZKaSirhP9RNZujAbCPLxnV6uU81yXlETCU19BasORzrG9Slb796xrvft_iKhP7-2FwDuObcqObBGX03omRv5SXYhEqDOemG-tBgdgFiTYlpkoXtWZcNtmuCHInXGacwtfjdMCEF6Q-2bBQd-pgcJvSWqkJm37Rrtp0p-TEHBNaSX31RYOJFXFwQaOLfn_?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/LwqDX8O-B2kz4uTNQnsV2h3THKUwDKuuNvWf8ZiN8WvFIC_oR3clkw8NUBwSYfNZRQ2fArFcgpi0hlSwsU_wPT7Upo4D-kJLhcFgPYc6q5uupr9oX9IstIKZyVEW_YQ380MZlLOG3xI3sIbUgnv8bzVEAPfYZwuEoo2r2Ix4BLVjnN5Gk0CWvmK0lPmxSqrR?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/0auCGet0-TL4tfTNlJqp5lcag9RFckn7vbE7yRnKg6_d5y5jleE3eRnyKdrXTtX2UE5w7_Qz1oHPowdcCm9SPwuD4YFfl07EAUkQcfNTJh7EkUBMli6TzEWInpviIdsKhg24NtyYGF2SNRH3g5RmV6BJzxdvIjJVVIqccYJw6ngmwu2pvJGytbJGySq5qX0W?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/-qtHK4TOgix20AlCdjJTBK6lCjhFhMMQlYe4SR5zpq0TTySuSJc6YAUMzVyaj2zAYpFDbvv8P-IR6yq9uoI7NGeAcvkqQXED7-Po9OBr8KDicWqba_3PWLxwCiYFH_ajFfew0dhoq2mZHTP1-A-K-Yd1pJfQFFNFsvgAzo5KBqSVJDjzk8TWXvU1SpXI3tTL?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/INbgaCNc6lgqkT5AUPJGsRCo0qUQ9O70K3Zb6judRu053F0YS49tb6TB0isqbVnq8Ki-oRXHO59ac4Joq1iL2BRSTHFIewQMLzXr2nC368442STxXAb9-zL15nVx3Cq1I7FeXWlo-_DjrAtwwUO0Muj1EaA3RcfQu16De-ULZWZwmacAEd-tGmwSbH94rGif?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/-Ub6wOYeA-WUtqL3nhzkhLutEdjDdvgjNSiEZJ2fTJfQWHGAEQktShIYGdXt6VlEn9Kk4c_mm20AWFKsPNjUCMPF5DqFVl9Qi1-wdvD_4j0ZFC6MBHsUPyjM5Qj5JTsfoeYQ6JLBs7OpaTMwQFdmzD7gizZnVM528aiZAJmieA5Sn2OBZQPQ2QYZT1F4Knq8?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Plate Movement<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mantle-Convection\"><\/span>Mantle Convection<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Heat inside Earth causes mantle material to move slowly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This movement drags tectonic plates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Types of Plate Boundaries<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Divergent-Boundary\"><\/span>Divergent Boundary<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Plates move apart.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Results:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>mid-ocean ridges<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>volcanoes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>new crust formed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Convergent-Boundary\"><\/span>Convergent Boundary<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Plates move together.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Results:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>mountains<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>volcanoes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>earthquakes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>subduction zones<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Transform-Boundary\"><\/span>Transform Boundary<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Plates slide past each other.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Results:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>earthquakes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/LMEEuaz7uqPjK1j-yRh32nXoizKEVbZ6bRGuWHESW2EwKhefLVhZMY3HRYeo9v4e9K0PqqmRIV1AYVEn77wahjQRdFxoj8Ftxn_MRs_dZebt-ZjYQbnvqi0dEHfuMCFrzouAZ8xnbIaJZp34qB9BPEwoRvADc2J-41O_LuDOAIwBsp7s8A2speC58HoGMbi5?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/g9PwSj7jjlIcHfFNiETJH9ILho_eHn3ZwLbXClong2_zUcoW2SejGN0dZeEN3u0tZwTGQ8K7buYcyjpcD92jA28Jv5zIfLTNyNSpLd_rInSc08dpoxlDhmhZU-cHL7OsWxKiuj7OgDFDcd8R0zEA_LpIHJSbUZjKlLsC6VsN1y1gguC5CVcN-FW_H2nNpmKy?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/A4PovoYFVS1S82rxsz2EyinqMG9Oqw_1MZPnXEs3vqKbjOexrQ8molBZGiyg4Q51lanAovoKRECvznYwtlSUFlOnyjnGelbH2FvQAczw-IyGrfND82NDQ256OTGo7Cu47LECSje-PZ7nKJKI5B8UvuObFxdkDSrY98PMZM0nLyHDH6OiSvggNL-f4Kik198y?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/XuKcGztI5al2Kmx5k74XUkzOBZn9Rm57_wYWHwhrQI7TX4K9138m6SW6OP7Sr9EzX0AXLoqf-vl9d1oxcAwmBviyRWmk4gEtDg4ryA5JU_JH6iccVIFeZ7ZD7v0T5yh_Ckt2V2qDcA8gUqlnaktLsdHcUFJ3gsCU3vxwXEc5Ea-FdVM0q2NmOgelDR5B4n2t?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/viFV4MOdELHQDH5MBNPpD2mJZ974LouK7I7dvFVIjJY0kGvgFI53jLcilkMQfWuw7TfdyFOZmsY4Rc96YSmX6Z1KbDFjrXN7K7oleJdgNduJ5V9Di1jHcwHwJZmadUV16J03HJF5bykhE_g0QQWRzgU0pS_mR-okB5E4x09erDopXbP0OeN1OBp0nfzvKTji?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.openai.com\/static-rsc-4\/4ZWZf3ch_0yxJTNAvCPb3hdLkgrJw-3iQJ9dFEN_t0bUl1vd2SWgOuvTmjt95PLO4uj0BhlOBVxB_fveSKd0GvOyyKuXrUL_YChR4QAOO6K14TYcj6J-Hrc5GRp7kuPlgDvSr-JvmmZfgl5wp3dC1SP7lFSPVrCbXz2xowXPGEigqwE7UxGDsUaCtLgCSs2T?purpose=fullsize\" alt=\"Image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Seafloor Spreading<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>New ocean crust forms at mid-ocean ridges.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Older crust moves away from the ridge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This provided strong evidence for plate tectonics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Key Terms<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Term<\/th><th>Meaning<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Continental Drift<\/td><td>Movement of continents over time<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Plate Tectonics<\/td><td>Theory explaining plate movement<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Pangaea<\/td><td>Ancient supercontinent<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Fossil<\/td><td>Preserved remains of living things<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mantle Convection<\/td><td>Movement of hot rock in mantle<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Subduction<\/td><td>One plate forced beneath another<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Lithosphere<\/td><td>Rigid outer layer of Earth<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Asthenosphere<\/td><td>Soft layer beneath lithosphere<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Important Exam Points<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Remember\"><\/span>Remember:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Continental drift was Wegener\u2019s original idea.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Plate tectonics is the modern accepted theory.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Evidence is critical in science.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sample Exam Questions<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Name two pieces of evidence for continental drift.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Why was Wegener\u2019s theory rejected at first?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Explain how tectonic plates move.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Describe what happens at a convergent boundary.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Explain how fossils support continental drift.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quick Summary<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\\text{Pangaea split apart as tectonic plates slowly moved over millions of years.}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Continents were once joined<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Evidence includes fossils, rocks, climate, and coastline shapes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tectonic plates move because of mantle convection<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Plate movement causes earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountains<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is Pangaea? Pangaea was a supercontinent that existed about 300 million years ago.All Earth\u2019s continents were joined together before slowly drifting apart. Continental Drift Theory Alfred Wegener In 1912, Wegener proposed that: This idea became known as continental drift. Evidence for Continental Drift 1. Matching Coastlines South America and Africa appear to fit together &#8230; <a title=\"Year 10 Science Revision Notes \u2014 Continental Drift &amp; Plate Tectonics I\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/2026\/05\/12\/year-10-science-continental-drift-plate-tectonics-i\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Year 10 Science Revision Notes \u2014 Continental Drift &amp; Plate Tectonics I\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-486","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-study"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/486","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=486"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/486\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":494,"href":"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/486\/revisions\/494"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=486"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=486"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.the-bach.kiwi\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=486"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}